Science and Mathematics Faculty Publications

Field study of purported hardgrounds of the Cincinnatian

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-2004

Journal Title

Journal of Creation

Volume

18

Issue

3

First Page

82

Last Page

92

Abstract

A number of samples conventionally believed to be indicators of hardgrounds are located in the Cincinnatian (Upper Ordovician) carbonates of the east-central USA. These consist of borings (especially Trypanites) in both fossil and limestone surfaces, as well as some encrusting bryozoans. The ostensible evidence for protracted sedimentation (hardgrounds) must be juxtaposed against a much more commonly occurring set of evidences pointing to rapid sedimentation. The latter include storm deposits, cross-bedded carbonates, large ripple marks and a large suite of orthocone nautiloids that are crowded into a single bed.

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